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Objective:To analyze the incidence and death characteristics of cancer and survival rate of residents in Qingpu District， Shanghai from 2012 to 2016， and to provide a scientific basis for subsequent cancer prevention and treatment. Methods:The malignant tumor incidence and death data were collected by the Shanghai Malignant Tumor Case Registration System. Based on these data， the crude incidence and mortality rate of cancer， the standardized rate， the order of incidence and death of the top 10 cancers， and the overall survival rate were calculated using the life table method. The relative survival rate for 1 to 5 years was calculated using the Ederer II method according to survival probability in the abbreviated life table for the same period. The annual percentage change （APC） was calculated by Joinpoint software， and the trend of morbidity and mortality was analyzed. Results:A total of 10 893 new malignant tumor cases were diagnosed in the region from 2012 to 2016. The crude incidence rate of cancer in the whole region was 464.68/100 000 （502.06/100 000 for men and 428.57/100 000 for women）， and the standardized incidence rate was 224.61/100 000 （235.52/100 000 for men， and 217.98/100 000 for women）. A total of 5 820 people died of cancer， the crude mortality rate of cancer in the whole region was 248.28/100 000 （321.92/100 000 for men and 177.13/100 000 for women）， and the standardized mortality rate was 97.08/100 000 （133.14/100 000 for men and 66.38/100 000 for women）. Patients with malignant tumors diagnosed in Qingpu District in 2012 showed higher 5-year relative survival for breast cancer （87.03%）， malignant tumors of brain and central nervous system （73.62%）， and colorectal cancer （58.22%）. A relative low 5-year survival rate was observed in patients with pancreatic cancer （3.76%）， esophageal cancer （10.55%）， and liver cancer （15.79）. Conclusion:Lung cancer and malignant tumors of the digestive system （including gastric cancer and colorectal cancer） are the main types of cancer threatening the health of residents in Qingpu District. The survival rates of breast cancer， malignant tumors of brain and central nervous system， and colorectal cancer have reached or approached the level of developed countries. However， the overall survival rate of malignant tumors in Qingpu District is lower than that in the city， and needs to be further improved.
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Objective Serum total prostatic specific antigen (tPSA), free prostatic specific antigen (fPSA), fPSA/tPSA ratio, and prostate cancer-specific antigen density (PSAD) were determined to explore the best identification point, thus improving the specificity of early screening of prostate cancer. Methods The tPSA, fPSA, fPSA/tPSA, and PSAD of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia group (n=250) and prostate cancer group (n=92) were tested, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to determine the best cutoff value for the evaluation. Results When the cutoff values of tPSA, fPSA/tPSA, and PSAD were at 11.3 mg/L, 0.16, and 0.18 mg/(L·cm3), respectively, the specificity and sensitivity were the best:82.4% and 84.2% for tPSA, 76.9% and 81.7% for fPSA/tPSA, and 83.1% and 80.4% for PSAD.When the best cutoff values of tPSA, fPSA/tPSA, and PSAD were combined in analysis, the specificity and sensitivity of fPSA/tPSA and PSAD combination showed the best result (92.4% and 81.4%, respectively).When the tPSA value was in the range of 4-10 mg/L, the optimal cutoff values of PSAD and fPSA/tPSA were 0.21 mg/(L·cm3) and 0.15, and the specificity and sensitivity reach the best, which were 84.1% and 80.1%, 81.0 % and 80.3%, respectively. Conclusion Combination of tPSA, fPSA/tPSA and PSAD analysis is better than any single of them in early screening of prostate cancer.The specificity and sensitivity of combined use of fPSA/tPSA and PSAD could serve as an optimal screening reference value.
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The present study was conducted to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo on university students. Forty healthy Chinese participants enrolled in this study to clarify the psychophysiological relaxation effects of viewing bamboo. The effects of visual stimulation using a pot both with and without a bamboo were recorded by measuring the student's blood pressure, EEG and STAI. We observed that viewing bamboo plants resulted in significantly lower systolic (female, P < 0.001; male, P < 0.001; P < 0.05) and diastolic (female, P < 0.001; male, P < 0.001; P < 0.05) blood pressures, but no changes in the pulse rate (female, P = 0.09; male, P = 0.07; P > 0.05) were observed. The results of the EEG analysis indicated brainwave variation (all P < 0.05) and lower anxiety scores (P < 0.01) after 3 min of viewing bamboo compared with the control. These findings indicate that visual stimulation with bamboo plants induced psychophysiological relaxation effects on adults.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Bambusa , Blood Pressure , Physiology , Heart Rate , Physiology , RelaxationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of tobacco smoking exposure on cough among construction workers. METHODS: Convenient sampling method was adopted to choose 204 construction workers as the study objects. The relationship of cough and tobacco smoking exposure was investigated. The objects were divided into no-smoking( 18 workers),passive-smoking( 66 workers) and active-smoking( 120 workers) groups according to different tobacco smoking exposure situation. RESULTS: The occurrence of active smoking for 204 construction workers was 58. 8%( 120 /204) and the daily active smoking rate was 51. 5%( 105 /204). The occurrence of passive smoking for the non-smokers was 78. 6%( 66 /84) and the daily passive smoking rate was 66. 7%( 56 /84). Among the construction workers,15. 2%( 31 /204) had occasional cough,and 52. 4%( 107 /204) had frequent cough,total cough occurrence was 67. 6%( 138 /204). The occurrence of occasional cough in active-smoking group was higher than that of the passive-smoking group( 23. 3% vs 1. 5%,P < 0. 01); the occurrence of frequent cough in passive-smoking group and active-smoking group were higher than that of the no-smoking group( 54. 5% vs 22. 2%,55. 8% vs 22. 2%,P < 0. 017); the total cough occurrence in active-smoking group was higher than those of the no-smoking group and passive-smoking group( 79. 2% vs 33. 3%,79. 2% vs 56. 1%,P < 0. 01). There was an association between tobacco smoking exposure and cough frequency among the construction workers. Active-smokers had higher risks than non-smokers in both occasional cough and frequent cough( odds ratio were 5. 958 and 6. 990,P <0. 05); the passive smokers had a higher risk of frequent cough than non-smokers( odds ratio was 3. 536,P < 0. 05).CONCLUSION: Tobacco smoking exposure was an important risk factor for coughing among construction workers. Effective approach should be taken into account to control tobacco usage in the construction work site.
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BACKGROUND:Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 is a newly discovered costimulatory molecule. It has been studied more in tumor and autoimmune diseases, less in the field of kidney transplantation. OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in acute rejection after renal transplantation. METHODS:Fifty patients undergoing renal transplantation were divided into acute rejection group (20 cases) and stable graft function group (30 cases). Another 30 healthy persons served as control group. Blood samples were extracted from the peripheral blood. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in the serum showed significant differences in the acute rejection group, stable graft function group and healthy control group (F=70.008 1, P=0.000 0), but showed no difference in peripheral blood lymphocytes of three groups (F=1.865 6, P=0.161 7). Compared with the healthy control group, the expression levels of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in peripheral blood lymphocytes of acute rejection group and stable graft function group were significantly decreased (P=0.000 0). In addition, the acute rejection group had a lower cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 expression than the stable graft function group (P=0.000 0). In renal transplant rejection, the expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 in serum was reduced, showing some correlation with acute rejection after renal transplnatation. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 might be involved in the rejection.
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BACKGROUND:Pulmonary infection is the main complication after kidney transplantation, and its onset and morbidity may be related to conventional oral drugs after kidney transplantation. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of methylprednisolone instead of prednisone on severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation. METHODS:Clinical data of 58 patients with severe pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. First, according to the characteristics of post-onset patients and lung CT findings, broad-spectrum antibiotics and anti-fungal treatment were adopted, and subsequently targeted therapy, that is, withdrawal or adjustment of dosage and combination regimen of immunosuppressive agents, was employed depending on etiology, fungi and virus detection results. Among the 58 patients, 28 patients were injected methylprednisolone, and 30 patients took oral prednisone. Hyoxemia correction, support therapy and immune replacement therapy were applied. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Thirty-nine of 58 patients (67.2%) were positive for pathogens, including 7 cases of simple bacterial pneumonia, 4 cases of fungal pneumonia, 3 cases of simple cytomegalovirus infection, and 25 cases of mixed infections (5 cases of multiple bacterial infections, 17 cases of fungal and bacterial co-infections, and 3 cases of fungi, bacteria and cytomegalovirus co-infections). Patients subjected to methylprednisolone treatment spent shorter time to recover their temperature than those undergoing oral prednisone (P<0.05). In addition, creatinine fluctuation range in the methylprednisolone group was less than that in the prednisone group (P<0.05). The results showed that intravenous injection of methylprednisolone may accelerate absorption of inflammatory exudate in the lung and shorten treatment time.
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BACKGROUND:The role of galactose lectin family proteins in transplantation immunity has been proposed, but there is currently no galectin-7 detection for auxiliary diagnosis of renal dysfunction in the perioperative period after renal transplantation. For renal transplant recipients, monitoring of galectin-7 may contribute to early diagnosis of renal dysfunction after renal transplantation, and buy time for clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE:To detect the expression of galactose-7 in acute antibody mediated rejection after renal transplantation. METHODS:Twenty-seven patients who were diagnosed as having acute antibody mediated rejection after renal transplantation by renal biopsy were enrol ed, and another 10 patients without acute antibody mediated rejection after renal transplantation were selected as controls. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot assay were used to detect expression of galectin-7 in tissue and serum, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Results of immunohistochemistry staining showed that under light microscope, in the control group, galectin-7 distributed in the surface microvil i of proximal tubule epithelial cells, but not in glomeruli, distal tubule, col ecting duct and vein;in the acute rejection group, renal arteriole intima edema, tube wal fibrinoid necrosis, infiltration of renal glomerulus and tubule cells and mononuclear cells were found and galectin-7 only expressed in the surface microvil i of proximal tubule epithelial cells as wel as in the arterial smooth muscle. The number of galectin-7 positive cells in the acute rejection group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.1). Western blot assay results showed that the protein expression of serum galectin-7 in the acute rejection group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). These findings indicate that renal puncture for renal transplantation is safe and reliable, has no adverse effect on the patients and renal transplant. Galectin-7 detection has an important guiding significance for the auxiliary diagnosis of renal dysfunction during the perioperative period after renal transplantation.
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Objective To analyze the clinical techniques of renal artery control in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.Methods 211 relative living renal transplantations were performed from June 2003 to June 2012,and 136 donors underwent laparoscopic donor living nephrectomy (LDN) since 2007.Forty donors were subjected to the Hem-o-lock clips for renal artery control by open surgery,87 donors to the Hem-o-lock clips for renal artery control by laparoscope,5 donors to the Endo GIA stapler for renal artery control by laparoscope,and 4 donors to the Hem-o-lock clips by laparoscope combined with hand-assisted suture transfixion for renal artery control.Results The warm ischemia time of renal artery control was shortest (1.1 ± 0.3 min) by Hem-o-lock clips in open surgery,and longest (3.2 ± 0.8) min by the Hem-o-lock clips with laparoscope.There was significant difference in the warm ischemia time of renal artery between open group and other groups,the differences (P＜0.05).The comparison of prognostic factors in the transplant renal outcome showed no significant difference among groups.The renal arterial stump-rrhexis-caused massive secondary bleeding occurred in 1 case subject to Hem-o-lock clips for renal artery control by laparoscope,with conversion to open surgery urgently,the operation was successful at last.Other renal artery control ways were all safe without any adverse reaction.Conclusion The warm ischemia time of renal artery control by Hem-o-lock clips in open surgery was shortest in laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.The renal artery control way by Endo GIA stapler in laparoscope or by Hem-o-lock clips with hand-assisted suture transfixion is safest.The utilization of Hem-o-lock clips should be careful in high risk population such as severe atherosclerosis etc.
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Objective To analyze C4d deposition in the patients with late acute renal allograft rejection,and explore the role of C4d in grafts survival and grafts loss. Methods Thirty-six patients clinical and pathologically diagnosed as having acute rejection more than one year post-transplant were selected. C4d was detected by immunohistochemistry in renal allograft biopsies. The effect of C4d deposition on long-term graft survival was studied. Results Among 36 recipients with late acute renal allograft rejection, 16 cases were positive for C4d (44.4 %) and 20 negative for C4d (55.6 %). Five cases experienced graft loss in C4d positive group (31.3 %), while 6 cases in C4d negative group (30.0%). There was no significant difference in the graft loss rate between C4d-positive group and C4d-negative group. Log-Rank test demonstrated there was no significant difference in graft survival between C4d-positive group and C4d-negative group. The count of the interstitial infiltrated eosinophils in renal allograft was (9.4 + 4.5) and (2.6 + 1.8) respectively in the C4d-positive group and C4dnegative group (P＜0.05). Conclusion C4d deposition in peritubular capillary of the recipients with late acute renal allograft rejection might not be a prognostic marker for graft outcome.
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Objective Based on detection of the soluble LAIR-1 (sLAIR-1) and sIL-2R in the bile from recipient after liver transplant, the role of sLAIR-1 and sIL-2R in graft acute rejection were analyzed. Methods Bile sLAIR-1 level and sIL-2R were determined by double mAb sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 55 cases of liver transplantation. Results In 22 recipients with normal graft function, sLAIR-1 and sIL-2R were detected at low level in the bile. In the 29 cases of liver acute rejection (AR), significant increase of bile sIL-2R level was detected on the lst and 2nd d before final diagnosis. With the effective methylprednisolone pulse therapy, sIL-2R level was decreased significantly on the 3rd d. On the other hand, remarkable increase of bile sLAIR-1 was found on the lst,2nd and 3rd d before final diagnosis. After of methylprednisolone pulse therapy for 3 d, bile sLAIR-1resturned to the control level. Conclusion Both bile sIL-2R and sLAIR-1 are detected at high level in the recipients suffering from liver acute rejection. The level of bile sLAIR-1 changes dramatically and responsively according to liver acute rejection. Therefore, detecting these two markers synergistically may be a promising monitor for rejection after liver transplantation.
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BACKGROUND: Living-donor kidney transplantation is not only associated to prognosis of recipients, but also donors' healthy. Complete medical and psychological assessment should be performed prior to transplantation to ensure the safety of donors. OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the assessment experience of living-relative kidney donors prior to transplantation. METHODS: Totally 77 cases of living-relative kidney donors admitted at Organ Transplantation Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of General Hospital of Chinese PLA between January 2006 and March 2008 were reviewed. Among them, the analysis was carried out respectively according to the live donor nephrectomy guide of the United Kingdom (2005 Edition) before January 20, 2008, and live donor kidney transplantation consensus Boao meeting after January 20, 2008. In common practice, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular system, infectious disease study, age, obesity, proteinuria, renal artery, renal function, receptor for HLA typing and medical ethics, were systematically evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Of the 77 cases of assessed patients, 69 were qualified, successful donors, and completely cured, without complications. Totally 8 cases of non-donors were due to: 2 cases for hypertension combined with end organ damage; 2 for diabetes mellitus; 1 confirmed malignant tumor in kidney-donated surgery; 1 in the activity period of hepatitis B; 1 for resistance from his wife with medical ethics. The average age of donors was 45.3 years old, including and 7 cases above 60 years old, 24 of 50-59 years old, 29 of 30-49 years old, and 9 below 30 years old. There were 39 cases of parent child donation, 1 child parent donation, 19 siblings donation, 7 cases of three generations of collateral serum, and 3 cases of donation between husband and wife. Of successful donors, blood pressure was above 140/90 in 8 cases; Successful donors were without symptoms of myocardial ischemia but 14 cases had consciously ECG ST-T changes; 3 cases had abnormal fasting blood glucose. The successful donors' body mass index (BMI) reached the average of 23.05 kg/m~2, were below 30 kg/m~2; In assessment of infectious diseases, 3 cases were hepatitis B HBs and HBc-positive in a non-activity period, and the antibody titers were below 500 IU/L. In renography, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was assessed to average (137.3±28.5) mL/min, and no significant statistical difference emerged (P < 0.05). Vascular three-dimensional CT prompted many left renal artery root in 3 cases, accounting for 4% in successful donors, 1 case did not match, accounting for 1%. It demonstrated that the primary purpose of assessment of -living-donor renal transplantation is to ensure that the adaptability, safety and health of donors. In order to avoid the omission of important medical information and unnecessary invasive inspection, as well as reducing the fees of medical assessment, the assessment should be based on the familiar, universally recognized, clinical evidence-based and reasonable procedures and the flexible assessment process.
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BACKGROUND: Brain death patient is the optimal donator due to the short warm ischemia time, which is conductive to renal function recover following transplantation. However, there are no reports concerning the recovery of renal function in uremia patients following renal transplantation with brain death patients' kidney. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience and therapeutic efficacy of renal transplantation using brain death free-donated kidney. METHODS: Six patients with urinsmia underwent renal transplantation with donor kidney of brain death patients from May 2006 to November 2008 at the Organ Transplantation Center, 309~(th) Hospital of Chinese PLA, were selected, including 2 patients receiving kidneys from a brain death patient, 4 patients receiving kidneys from 3 brain death patients. Four recipients received immunosupprsssive regimen of mycophenolate+ciclosporin+steroid, and 2 recipients received mycophenolate+ acrolimus+steroid. The renal function and medicine density were detected regularly, and change of renal function and pathogenetic condition were retrospective analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All 6 patients accepted renal transplantation successfully. The serum creatinine level was obvious descended in 5 patients within a week after transplantation, which meant that the transplanted kidney had begun to work. One patient suffered delayed renal graft function, and returned to normal at 10 days after transplantation. Three patients suffered acute rejection in the first year, and recovered by intravenous glucocorticoid therapy. One patient died after 1 year for pulmonary infection, which accompanied by serum creatinine of 469 pmol/L. The other patients reexamined regularly, and they had good quality of life up to now. The results reveled that renal function recovers in time after transplantation using brain death free-donated kidney, which can ameliorate life quality of patients.
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BACKGROUND: Removal of immunosuppressants in patients with recurrent tumor in long-term following organ transplantation is always a hot controversial point in academic circles. To further elevate clinical efficiency, people began to invent new immunosuppressant and studied immune efficiency of various immunosuppressant component. They tried to reduce the application of cyclosporin A (CsA).OBJECTIVE: To analyze the CsA safe withdrawal of a case of kidney recipients, at 18 years after renal transplantation, who developed bladder carcinoma and renal pelvic carcinoma at 11 years and 18 years after transplantation, respectively. METHODS: After identified diagnosis, we performed transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt) and total nephroureterectomy merobladder excision. Pathologic examination revealed grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ of bladder and renal pelvic transitional cell carcinoma. After the operation, patient was treated with immune suppression program of CsA withdrawal gradually in 12 days.Within 12 days, 5 mg CsA was decreased every 3 days, and complete withdrawal was done at 12 days. The dosage of azathioprine tablets and prednisone acetate tablets was not changed. Serum creatinine levels were rechecked every 3 days during drug withdrawal, and blood pressure, urine volume, physical symptom of patients and ultrasound of transplanted kidney were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the three months of CsA withdrawal, the blood creatinine levels were from 65 to indicated that the CsA gradually withdrawal of a case of kidney recipients after renal transplantation, who developed transitional cell carcinoma and was performed transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBt) and total nephro- ureterectomy merobladder excision, was safe. No tumor relapse or diversion was found.
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BACKGROUND: Pancreas-kidney transplantation is an effective treatment for diabetes combined with final stage renal disease. However, as the patients suffer diabetes for a long period of time, and cardiovascular system disease is complex, pre- and post-transplantation treatment is very important for successful pancreas-kidney transplantation.OBJECTIVE: To discuss immunosuppressant, coagulant, perioperative and postoperative treatment during pancreas-kidney transplantation to provide some clinical experience for pancreas-kidney transplantation.METHODS: Clinical data of 5 cases undergoing simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation in Department of Urinary Surgery, the 309 Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital between 2003 and 2008 were retrospectively analyzed to summarize the application of immunosuppressants and anticoagulant drugs and perioperative clinical monitoring focus. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were 5 male patients with an average age of 43 years, and suffered type I diabetes mellitus complicated with final stage renal disease. The preoperative insulin dosage was 1.5-2.4 U/(kg·d). One case had diabetic retinopathy and fundus oculi hemorrhage for many times; two cases showed apparent coronary atherosclerotic heart disease with preoperative cardiac ejection fraction of 52% and 50%. Exocrine of transplanted pancreas had been considered by the intestinal fluid drainage. A total of 3 cases were complete rehabilitation. Of them, 1 case developed acute rejection in the first seven days after operation, but renal function restored with the hormones impact; 1 case had postoperative acute rejection of transplanted duodenum as well as intestinal fistula, eventually, transplanted pancreas was ectomized, but transplanted kidney was preserved; two cases succeeded in restoring and no complications occurred; 1 had postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding and died from multiple organ failure. Simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation is the most effective way to treat the diabetes mellitus with terminal nephropathy. Because of complications in the transplanted exocrine pancreas with bladder drainage, it has been replaced by the enteric drainage. Recovery of the transplanted kidney function is important for successful transplantation. After operation, oral FK should be taken when the serum creatinine returned to 300 umol/L. The application of clotting drug is one of the important factors for recovery of transplanted pancreatic function. Jejunostomy is an important therapeutic measure to prevent the reflux of intestinal juice to the transplanted pancreas in perioperative period. In the follow-up period cathartic drugs are recommended to prevent constipation and reduce the occurrence of acute pancreatitis caused by intestinal fluid reflux.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of IL-6/STAT3 pathway in the proliferation of cholangiocyte induced by cold ischemia and reperfusion injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were randomized into CP 1 h and CP 12 h groups (supplied livers were preserved for 1 or 12 h), anti-IL-6R (rats in CP 12 h group were administrated with anti-rat soluble IL-6 receptor antibody), and control group. At 1, 3, 7, 14 d postoperative, IL-6 concentration in liver homogenate and cholangiocyte proliferation were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and histochemistry respectively. Expressions of IL-6 mRNA, phosphorylated-STAT3 and cyclin D1 protein in cholangiocytes were determined by real-time PCR or Western blot analysis. Serum concentrations of ALP and GGT and histology analysis were also performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Minimal expressions of IL-6, p-STAT3 and cyclin D1 were detected in CP 1 h group, with a slight cholangiocytes proliferation. Cholangiocytes responded to extended cold preservation with severe bile duct injures and marked increase in IL-6 secretion, p-STAT3 and cyclin D1 protein expression, followed by compensatory cholangiocytes regeneration. Parallel to this observation, biochemical index and morphology indicated that bile duct injury was recovery at 14 d postoperative. However, anti-sIL-6R inhibited cholangiocytes proliferation and reduced the expressions of IL-6, STAT3 and cyclin D, with the cellular injury and increase of serum ALP or GGT.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IL-6/STAT3 pathway might participate to initiate cholangiocytes regeneration after cold ischemia and preservation injury, which might benefit biliary recovery after liver transplantation.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic , Pathology , Cell Proliferation , Cold Ischemia , Disease Models, Animal , Epithelial Cells , Pathology , Interleukin-6 , Metabolism , Liver , Metabolism , Pathology , Liver Transplantation , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury , Metabolism , Pathology , STAT3 Transcription Factor , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates cholangiocyte proliferation via the IL-6/STAT3 pathway in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were randomized into three groups: LPS group (injected intravenously with LPS 2.5 mg/kg), anti-IL-6 group (injected intravenously with anti-IL-6 0.5 mg/kg 1hr after LPS injection), and control group. At 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after LPS injection, LPS concentration in plasma was detected by kinetic turbidimetric limulus test. IL-6 concentrations in liver homogenate was determinded by ELISA, cholangiocyte proliferation was checked by immunohistochemistry, expression of IL-6 mRNA was quantified by real-time RT-PCR, the level of phophorylated-STAT3 (P-STAT3) protein was analyzed by western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Cholangiocytes responded to LPS by a marked increase in cell proliferation, IL-6 secretion and P-STAT3 expression. Anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody inhibited LPS-induced cholangiocytes proliferation, and decreased levels of IL-6 and p-STAT3.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LPS promotes cholangiocyte proliferation through the IL-6/STAT3 pathway.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic , Cell Biology , Cell Proliferation , Epithelial Cells , Cell Biology , Physiology , Immunohistochemistry , Interleukin-6 , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Lipopolysaccharides , Blood , Pharmacology , Liver , Metabolism , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , STAT3 Transcription Factor , Metabolism , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the role of soluble CD305(sCD305)in renal allograft rejection.Methods Concentration of serum sCD305 was detected on 20 healthy volunteers and 153 cases of recipients after kidney transplantation by using double monoclonal antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results In the healthy volunteers and 98 recipients with normal renal funetion,sCD305 was detected at low levels of(4.3±2.3)μg/L and(6.3±3.7)μg/L.In 20 cases of acute rejection and 5 cases of graft loss,serum sCD305 levels were(36.3±14.7)μg/L and(28.8±9.4)μg/L,and significantly higher than those in the healthy volunteers and recipients with normal renal function.Meanwhile,in the 30 cases of chronic rejection and 6 cases under dialysis treatment,the levels of sCD205were(13.1±5.5)ttg/L and(11.2±4.6)μg/L and significantly higher than those in the healthy volunteers and recipients with normal renal function.Conclusions CD305 was presented at high level in the recipients with renal acute or chronic rejection,and it might be a potential marker for monitoring graft rejection after transplantation.
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OBJECTIVE: Tacrolimus is widely used in organ transplant. However, the long-term effects of tacrolimus on Asian, in particular in Chinese people, are few. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term curative effect of tacrolimus used in kidney transplantation patients in China.DATA SOURCES: Electronic and manual retrieve of Medline database, Chinese journal full-text database, Cochrane library, and CEBM/CCD, and relevant medical journals in China were applied.DATA SELECTION: Published randomized controlled trials on tacrolimus in kidney allograft recipient were retrieved, and the data were underwent Meta analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as the measurement parameter of efficacy comparison. The statistical analyses were performed using Stata software.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The survival ratio of patient/kidney after 1 year. ②The survival ratio of patient/kidney after 3 years. ③Rejection ratio after 3 years. ④Infection rate after 3 years. ⑤Incidence of liver dysfunction after 3 years. ⑥Blood glucose disorder after 3 years.RESULTS: A total of 3 trials were eligible for the inclusion efficacy, including 3 Chinese trials and 0 foreign trials. Results of meta-analysis indicated that tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from rejection effectively in three years [OR=0.40, 95%CI (0.27-0.61), P < 0.000 1]. Tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from impaired liver function in three years [OR=0.28, 95%CI (0.15-0.52), P < 0.000 1]. No statistical difference of the 1-year and 3-year survival rate of patients/ kidney was found in the patients between group tacrolimus and group cyclosporine. Statistical difference of blood glucose disorder were found in the patients between group tacrolimus and group cyclosporine [OR=2.39, 95%CI (1.41-4.05), P=0.001].CONCLUSIONS: Tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from rejection and impaired liver function effectively in three years in China. No statistical difference of the 1-year and 3-year survival rate of patients/kidney was found in the patients between two groups. In addition, the main side effect of tacrolimus is blood glucose elevation.
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OBJECTIVE: To generally, regularly, and continuously evaluate single renal function in donors following living renal transplantation, to study functional changes of single kidney, and to analyze clinical feasibility of living renal transplantation. METHODS: A total of 117 living kidney donors had been selected in this study. Following renal transplantation, indicators of creatinine (Cr), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine microscopic examination, blood pressure were monitored and followed up so as to generally evaluate the variation of single renal function and health status of living donor. RESULTS: All 117 living donors accepted kidney transplantation successfully. There were untoward events including 2 cases for drug anaphylaxis, 8 cases for microscopic hematuria, 5 cases for proteinuria, 15 cases for urinary tract infection, 3 cases for anxious emotion after operation, and 22 cases for wound pain. The blood pressure was increased in 19 cases and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was decreased 4-25 mL/min with the average value of (9.4±4.7) mL/min in all cases, but the rates did not exceed the normal level. Nearly all of the cases displayed creatinine rising and 43 cases still had high creatinine level in 2 months after operation. There were no significant differences between creatinine level and sex, and left or right kidney of donor, but creatinine level of patients (> 50 years old) was significantly higher than patients (< 50 years old) (P < 0.01). Indicators of all cases returned the normal value after operation; however, creatinine level of 5 cases was still abnormal (135 μmol/L). CONCLUSION: The function detail could be fluctuated after living donor renal transplantation, or even exceeded the normal value, but the variation did not impact the whole function for the single kidney and influence the holistic health for donor, thus it could be safe and feasible for living donor renal transplantation.
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Objective To study the relationship of soluble LAIR (sCD305 and CD3060) expression in recipient serum with cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonitis after renal transplantation. Methods Nineteen serum specimens from recipients were divided into CMV pneumonitis group (n=10) and control group (n=9). Then the concentrations of sCD305 and CD3060 were quantitated with sandwich ELISA. The data were analyzed by using student t test. Results sCD305 was skewness distributed in both 2 groups, was 0.000-3.039 μg/L in CMV pneumonitis group and 0.000-8.375 μg/L in con-trol group. CD3060 was skewness distributed in CMV pneumonitis group and the concentration was 0.000-0.017μg/L. CD3060 was mormally distributed in control group and the concentration was 0.046±0.035 μg/L. There was significant difference of CD3060 (P=0.000) concentrations and no sig-nificant difference of sCD305(P=0.316) concentrations in 2 groups, respectively. Conclusions The concentration of CD3060 is low in CMV pneumonitis patients. The combination of CMV PP65 antigen detection and CD3060 detection is helpful for the early and precise diagnosis of CMV pneumonitis in renal transplantation patients.